Post by Deleted on Mar 22, 2016 22:10:58 GMT 10
I wondered how to make Coke for blacksmithing and heating/cooking so here is what I discovered. 
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coke_%28fuel%29
feed-the-beast.wikia.com/wiki/Coke_Oven
Coke is a fuel with few impurities and a high carbon content and it is used when purity and high carbon content is desired. Coke is used worldwide in blast furnaces. Coke is used most often in making metals.
Coke, is a hard gray fuel. According to the New Columbia Encyclopedia, coke bears the same relation to coal as does charcoal to wood.
Coke is made in brick furnaces with bituminous coal as the source.
Coke making produces by-products which are: ammonia, coal tar, and gaseous compounds, which are saved, but can also be environmental pollutants.
Coke can be made also in a destructive distillation process. According to the New Columbia Encyclopedia, only a small amount of coke is made in the coke distillation process.
Without the high temperatures coke can produce, steel making would be more difficult. It might be that without coke, the industrial revolution itself would not have taken place. How would the industrial revolution have "worked" without steel?
Production of coke outside the USA remains relatively small: in 1998 North America produced 80% of world petroleum coke. A number of new Latin American coking units have begun producing petroleum coke from heavy local crude oils, providing new competition.
History of coke from the Wikipedia
The use of coke as a fuel was pioneered in 17th century England in response to the ever-growing problem of European deforestation. Wood was becoming increasingly scarce and expensive, and coal's fumes, particularly smoke and sulfur compounds, disqualified it from many applications, including cooking and iron smelting. In 1603, Sir Henry Platt suggested that coal might be charred in a manner analogous to the way charcoal is produced from wood. This process was not put into practice, however, until 1642, when coke was used for roasting malt in Derbyshire. (Coal could not be used in brewing, because its sulfurous fumes would impart a foul taste to the resulting beer.) Perhaps more significantly, in 1709, Abraham Darby set up a coke-fired blast furnace to produce cast iron. The ensuing availability of inexpensive iron was one of the factors leading to the European industrial revolution.
More on coke from the Wikipedia
Coke is a Solid Fuel www.solidfuel.co.uk/frame/main.html
Petroleum coke There is a petroleum coke. Petroleum coke is the solid residue left over in the cracking process in oil refinement.
Natural coke There is a natural coke. Natural coke is also called carbonite coke. Natural coke is formed by metamorphism from bituminous coal when intrusive igneous rock cuts across a vein of coal.
New Importance of Coke
As the world oil-related energy situation deepens in the years ahead, fuel forms made from coal will become even more important. Coke, similar to gasoline in that it can produce very high temperatures from relatively small physical volumes may find new uses outside industrial settings at the consumer level. Coke is not as convenient or practical as gasoline or fuel oil is today. But because coke contains high levels of chemical to heat energy potentials, coke is an interestingly interesting energy source.
Ways to make Coke:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coke_%28fuel%29
The "Hearth" process
The “Hearth” process of coke-making, using lump coal, was akin to that of charcoal-burning; instead of a heap of prepared wood, covered with twigs, leaves and earth, there was a heap of coals, covered with coke dust. The hearth process continued to be used in many areas during the first half of the 19th century, but two events greatly lessened its importance. These were the invention of the hot blast in iron-smelting and the introduction of the beehive coke oven. The use of a blast of hot air, instead of cold air, in the smelting furnace was first introduced by Neilson in Scotland in the year 1828.[8] The hearth process of making coke from coal is a very lengthy process.
Beehive coke oven
Main article: Beehive oven
Coke ovens and coal tipple in Pennsylvania
A fire brick chamber shaped like a dome is used, commonly known as a beehive oven. It is typically 4 meters wide and 2.5 meters high. The roof has a hole for charging the coal or other kindling from the top. The discharging hole is provided in the circumference of the lower part of the wall. In a coke oven battery, a number of ovens are built in a row with common walls between neighboring ovens. A battery consisted of a great many ovens, sometimes hundreds, in a row.[18]
Coal is introduced from the top to produce an even layer of about 60 to 90 centimeters deep. Air is supplied initially to ignite the coal. Carbonization starts and produces volatile matter, which burns inside the partially closed side door. Carbonization proceeds from top to bottom and is completed in two to three days. Heat is supplied by the burning volatile matter so no by-products are recovered. The exhaust gases are allowed to escape to the atmosphere. The hot coke is quenched with water and discharged, manually through the side door. The walls and roof retain enough heat to initiate carbonization of the next charge.
When coal was burned in a coke oven, the impurities of the coal not already driven off as gases accumulated to form slag, which was effectively a conglomeration of the removed impurities. Since it was not the desired coke product, slag was initially nothing more than an unwanted by-product and was discarded. Later, however, it was found to have many beneficial uses and has since been used as an ingredient in brick-making, mixed cement, granule-covered shingles, and even as a fertilizer.[19]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coke_%28fuel%29
feed-the-beast.wikia.com/wiki/Coke_Oven
Information About Coke
Coke is a fuel with few impurities and a high carbon content and it is used when purity and high carbon content is desired. Coke is used worldwide in blast furnaces. Coke is used most often in making metals.
Coke, is a hard gray fuel. According to the New Columbia Encyclopedia, coke bears the same relation to coal as does charcoal to wood.
Coke is made in brick furnaces with bituminous coal as the source.
Coke making produces by-products which are: ammonia, coal tar, and gaseous compounds, which are saved, but can also be environmental pollutants.
Coke can be made also in a destructive distillation process. According to the New Columbia Encyclopedia, only a small amount of coke is made in the coke distillation process.
Without the high temperatures coke can produce, steel making would be more difficult. It might be that without coke, the industrial revolution itself would not have taken place. How would the industrial revolution have "worked" without steel?
Production of coke outside the USA remains relatively small: in 1998 North America produced 80% of world petroleum coke. A number of new Latin American coking units have begun producing petroleum coke from heavy local crude oils, providing new competition.
History of coke from the Wikipedia
The use of coke as a fuel was pioneered in 17th century England in response to the ever-growing problem of European deforestation. Wood was becoming increasingly scarce and expensive, and coal's fumes, particularly smoke and sulfur compounds, disqualified it from many applications, including cooking and iron smelting. In 1603, Sir Henry Platt suggested that coal might be charred in a manner analogous to the way charcoal is produced from wood. This process was not put into practice, however, until 1642, when coke was used for roasting malt in Derbyshire. (Coal could not be used in brewing, because its sulfurous fumes would impart a foul taste to the resulting beer.) Perhaps more significantly, in 1709, Abraham Darby set up a coke-fired blast furnace to produce cast iron. The ensuing availability of inexpensive iron was one of the factors leading to the European industrial revolution.
More on coke from the Wikipedia
Coke is a Solid Fuel www.solidfuel.co.uk/frame/main.html
Petroleum coke There is a petroleum coke. Petroleum coke is the solid residue left over in the cracking process in oil refinement.
Natural coke There is a natural coke. Natural coke is also called carbonite coke. Natural coke is formed by metamorphism from bituminous coal when intrusive igneous rock cuts across a vein of coal.
New Importance of Coke
As the world oil-related energy situation deepens in the years ahead, fuel forms made from coal will become even more important. Coke, similar to gasoline in that it can produce very high temperatures from relatively small physical volumes may find new uses outside industrial settings at the consumer level. Coke is not as convenient or practical as gasoline or fuel oil is today. But because coke contains high levels of chemical to heat energy potentials, coke is an interestingly interesting energy source.
Ways to make Coke:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coke_%28fuel%29
The "Hearth" process
The “Hearth” process of coke-making, using lump coal, was akin to that of charcoal-burning; instead of a heap of prepared wood, covered with twigs, leaves and earth, there was a heap of coals, covered with coke dust. The hearth process continued to be used in many areas during the first half of the 19th century, but two events greatly lessened its importance. These were the invention of the hot blast in iron-smelting and the introduction of the beehive coke oven. The use of a blast of hot air, instead of cold air, in the smelting furnace was first introduced by Neilson in Scotland in the year 1828.[8] The hearth process of making coke from coal is a very lengthy process.
Beehive coke oven
Main article: Beehive oven
Coke ovens and coal tipple in Pennsylvania
A fire brick chamber shaped like a dome is used, commonly known as a beehive oven. It is typically 4 meters wide and 2.5 meters high. The roof has a hole for charging the coal or other kindling from the top. The discharging hole is provided in the circumference of the lower part of the wall. In a coke oven battery, a number of ovens are built in a row with common walls between neighboring ovens. A battery consisted of a great many ovens, sometimes hundreds, in a row.[18]
Coal is introduced from the top to produce an even layer of about 60 to 90 centimeters deep. Air is supplied initially to ignite the coal. Carbonization starts and produces volatile matter, which burns inside the partially closed side door. Carbonization proceeds from top to bottom and is completed in two to three days. Heat is supplied by the burning volatile matter so no by-products are recovered. The exhaust gases are allowed to escape to the atmosphere. The hot coke is quenched with water and discharged, manually through the side door. The walls and roof retain enough heat to initiate carbonization of the next charge.
When coal was burned in a coke oven, the impurities of the coal not already driven off as gases accumulated to form slag, which was effectively a conglomeration of the removed impurities. Since it was not the desired coke product, slag was initially nothing more than an unwanted by-product and was discarded. Later, however, it was found to have many beneficial uses and has since been used as an ingredient in brick-making, mixed cement, granule-covered shingles, and even as a fertilizer.[19]